Optical Fiber is a unique transmission medium. It has some unique advantages over conventional communication media such as copper wire, microwave or co-axial cables. The major advantage is its high transmission capacity i.e. optical fiber can carry information at higher data rates over very long distance.

Since fibers are made of a dielectric material, they are immune to radiated and conducted interference. It is nearly impossible to tap an optical fiber; therefore optical fiber transmission is very secure. Optic fiber is small and light weight which is an evident issue whenever weight and bulk are a practical concern. Fiber Optics is the least expensive, most reliable method for high speed and/or long distance communications.